Orphans against Autoimmunity

Punitive Psychiatry Against Orphans in Russia Revisited

Induction of Autoimmunity against Endogenous Neuroregulators

Long-term depressive behavior was modeled via immunization of white rats with isatin (an endogenous MAO inhibitor) covalently bound to a carrier antigen. The immunization of rats against isatin and several exogenous MAO inhibitors (pargyline and deprenyl) resulted in long-term (2 months) depressive-like behavior with elements of anxiety and an increased activity of MAO in the brain. In contrast...

Nuclear Receptors: Lonesome orphans

Nuclear receptors typically bind to DNA as homodimers or heterodimers, but increasing numbers of orphan receptors have been identified that bind DNA as monomers.

Therapeutic orphans: European perspective.

There are several factors to be considered when facing the problem of therapeutic orphans. First, there is the scientific one. We are all convinced that there is much need for more data concerning the use of drugs in children, infants, and neonates. Second, there is a regulatory factor involving political and technical institutions. Finally, we have to consider the economic interest of the phar...

Editorial Comment: Therapeutic Orphans

By an odd and unfortunate twist of fate, infants and children are becoming “therapeutic or pharmaceutical orphans.”1 Since 1962 they have been denied the use of many new drugs. The Drug Laws of 1962 had their inception following a pediatric tragedy—the thalidomide catastrophe. The laws of 1938 followed another which resulted from the use of a pediatric dosage form, “elixir” of sulfanilamide. By...